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Who were the original
inventors of the vanadium redox flow battery? |
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Albero Pellegri
and Placido Spaziante were the original pioneers of the vanadium redox
flow battery. Their patent was granted in 1978 in Great Britain (
GB 2 030 349 A 10) , France (FR2,431,196 ), Germany (2,927,868), Canada
(CA 1,143,432) and Japan (55024389). |
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When will the Cellennium
products/systems be available for sale? |
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The vanadium
battery/fuel cell system is still under development. We expect to
have commercial systems available by late 2003/early 2004. Several
demonstration projects, however, will begin this year, including 10kW
and 50kW systems for stand-alone and grid-connect PV applications.
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What
will be the power rating of the smallest standard systems? |
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The smallest
(commercial) systems will start at about 3 kW. |
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How much will the
vanadium fuel cell systems cost? |
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Pricing has
not been set, but we expect our systems to be very price competitive
with conventional lead-acid battery system complete with charger and
power inverter. |
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What is the normal
operating temperature regime? |
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The battery
can do fine within a wide range of temperatures. Typical operating
temperatures range between 50 and 80 degrees Celsius. |
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How does the power
required for pumping electrolytes compare between the Squirrel series
flow design and conventional parallel flow design? |
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For the Squirrel
design power required for pumping is less than 1% of the rated power
of the battery. This performance figure has been already verified
by SGS (Singapore). The power required for pumping by other redox
flow battery designs (i.e. parallel flow) is on the order of 8% to
15% of the rated power. The key features of our design, cell-to-cell
flow and electrolyte channels, allow our systems to operate at flow
rates at least 20 times lower, with lower pressure, than conventional
parallel flow designs. |
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